Understanding Depression: Recognising the Signs and Getting Help

Everyone experiences ups and downs — it’s part of being human. But when feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or a loss of interest linger for weeks and start interfering with your daily life, it could be a sign of depression.

What Is Depression?

Depression is one of the most common mental health conditions worldwide, affecting around 1 in 18 people — nearly 332 million adults globally. Despite how widespread it is, many still suffer in silence. It can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background. Women and young adults are particularly vulnerable, with many reporting symptoms but not receiving the help they need.

As we observe Mental Health Awareness Month, the Council for Medical Schemes (CMS) encourages everyone to learn more about depression, seek support when needed, and help raise awareness by sharing credible information and resources.

Recognising the Signs

A depressive episode is more than occasional mood changes — it’s a consistent state that lasts most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks. Symptoms may range from mild to severe and can include:

• Persistent sadness, irritability, or emptiness.

• Hopelessness or pessimism about the future.

• Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed.

• Fatigue or low energy.

• Changes in appetite or sleep.

• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions.

• Feelings of guilt or worthlessness.

• Thoughts of self-harm or suicide.

If you notice several of these signs in yourself or someone you care about, it’s important to reach out for help early.

Treatment and Support

The good news is that depression is treatable. Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and may include:

• Therapy: Speaking with a qualified mental health professional to understand thoughts and behaviours and develop coping strategies.

• Medication: Antidepressants prescribed under medical supervision.

• Other treatments: In certain severe cases, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or other advanced interventions may be recommended.

Self-care also plays an important role in managing depression. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle — staying active, connecting with others, eating well, and getting enough rest — can make a real difference in recovery.

What Is Covered Under PMB Care?

Depression is recognised as a Prescribed Minimum Benefit (PMB) condition under code 902T (Major affective disorders, including unipolar and bipolar depression).

Medical schemes are required to fund appropriate diagnostic tests and certain treatments, including:

• Up to 3 weeks of in-hospital treatment per year (including ECT and psychotherapy).

• Up to 15 outpatient psychotherapy sessions per year.

Medication prescribed after hospitalisation may not always be covered under PMBs, depending on the scheme’s rules. In emergencies, however, treatment must be covered in full — even if it’s provided by a non-DSP (Designated Service Provider).

Where to Get Help

If you or someone you know is struggling, help is available. The South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) offers free, confidential support from trained counsellors 7 days a week, between 08:00 and 20:00.

Call: 011 234 4837 or 0800 20 50 26

Email: Zane at zane@sadag.org

Visit: www.sadag.org

Let’s keep the conversation going.

This Mental Health Awareness Month, let’s work together to break the stigma, encourage open dialogue, and remind everyone that help is always within reach.

Content sourced from the Council for Medical Schemes (CMS).